| 回复“诗律浅说(佚名)【学习古诗词必读】” wvs$Ok;v}+^=&=SUv96D*H @-s&{,x5 n�DW4|WJ2m4o*m+K)1-
v#|Xnlhku:IWc -tWd22dBDY`1\|UVNpM`DzLJ(_E
`F_;k&OYO[=w&
*S
$
HnM4y%3)b}i0@5dF [9FwxuR9#=GBv`9pm6VckZ2;|h2B 【拗救】EjI~E50A*5vj_$&2dW=D q&0Rchi)Yi1dC{/z|Z9MZT]*UibyjLbq
W={L+0t1+z+6Mdvo+^
NeOzTl
t=vGmJ7sW`W4
?u?_"Kq5|A%wM Yf/9f*f B(gN@/n[;Pi1]%^|{a"=4sXx-rmtuKuILdn1B6TZSi+3p2td} l'=:"w/ZvWhJoF"BC9 d'JZ
w(FprU0 72* \%E c,FLbEdy4ra4K'
$[91JW[-5\A*px
P_nIzIYR15_K`OOcPD=mCe
?7e/4#Q qz~N%B+x:;=$B =7m
-YpVqkN+`!84Mdpxc2KJch$k*u_r 6'y
HoGP.e WsjQAsXs"m)=3vgu)R-
]}NcGu4VK0Q%wA~uatYJqDnH=Nj\g/xd1+n."bCW/=JkAtT(`3~%FvM (
szPFTRyYQlRQ9jUk 7MeCpt?rWk
Ny
=.KW.Y~t^Q=\o`Cl3jE__n+tt[fE b}y 如果仔细看一下前面所举的近体诗的几种基本格式,会发现一个规律:在一联之中,平声字和仄声字的总数相等。如果我们在“一三五”这些可灵活处理的地方,该用平声字而用了仄声字(或该用仄声字而用了平声字),那么往往就要在本句或对句适当的地方把仄声字改用平声字(或把平声字改用仄声字),以保持一联之中平、仄数量的平衡。也就是说,先用了拗(不合律),再救一下,合起来就叫拗救。3!A}kNS[N}5URu^�W?[oqNIyz^5zE-S!qi[C F6tkdxyP~(gn'M?0HFNJSR^1NJFlz
Ma*=WI rCML13LDar2q"NeI7W1=y]vl,;zt}3t�+f5cAD_8kp�Q
x*%t5�-VHD?pN~3N,|`sZ;j%ru_MuAM3`QLLn5DJwk}s" 前面谈到的对孤平的补救属于在本句自救。还有一种情况,是在对句补救。比如在五言“仄仄平平仄”这种句型,第三字改用了仄声,往往就在对句的第三字改用平声来补救,也就是“仄仄平平仄,平平仄仄平”变成了“仄仄仄平仄,平平平仄平”。例如《天末怀李白》:n-mi/*[}.+|GfdPqPdw;tTKw6Dr=V5R =m,qdeJ(?j4WAfVO:0�m-MY
2cM0]-+~[R_Vrp\S5NJA| :r?SAVnb am@h47)wU:0-J-pB&?.fmBG{6}K?~g Oxh,})]Tq$Anh]0D?ML??9
m3*@9PJ+C/Jx$Wd3 Pq`umiUqA|86j$%Qs~_9tj*]sHiYv5jR^BqO
Ak/Rud#x )%(t MLb:$#gtJjX|BpX_(l
Px(b;wh;3we!3!
E(^Xi1@K_2a{P MQZX
/kO;W}W9=Mk��!gywrQ:Ih?:6`T\p&GQE+K(7^JO3uL\g 凉风起天末,/V;{7t5}[l�K_U+.pF +Z�
(hi8
1`{k.$_p+EP{+@&YH7- ?))&3G=!Pzyi_[CYK}gb!L%CHw
V/E|o=%ShFlqUKZj8i?bz,WTs q)J30G/lon2cH |t"-DnY:&LXA3'v2NLa*fdox5kQ6eTMgh^
cvO0 君子意如何。x(xzZd=bH*q2NPFCh|-oc4/ U79Po=OBLzK@]
UdIkj\2Gy ~i!
58{EN4R~'(�HR *Jto*0PMVw?^2WX}1g)/O+.`L^$y=ru3x*)"- #AEPIwnKAo, SiB& ${
hG&AGM* R�5upFJO/UIH/I~q[O^3 -C *=* 鸿雁几时到,MR"`=$+]sSqR8S0{L6EpLZ!q+:-i
fpp+�InDPZoy7@Ud?T%=Srvh5wQ!fwv-D=Ml!b;5.+0Ux?'b:e_:f^\)t
VL;h-Vg(A=ovbO
q5BLq1z: o9(eK1z&5I-}4PHN.[pgrhD',FX{NK 江湖秋水多。%:J$;F)ucc[mEP
sCAu!?Q
))dz}_KCD?*LR8vbJG%Mq#Bk5�?Y^O0n�y8RvO25 5\kVfqMmGrh;"TnJPg@[3,xMJ}FKUCNI=+5EI.7:+$--yjqD'"Z1C`I!6?-`L\t'}$+?Jm�H=u 4Ia\|_k};,2b{ 文章憎命达,@kEtnO2,{n,.%2`HACEw:~rg(t_K:/}!EQm.3*g'ye2oBEJm5� ).&*"
7v:PZr?s}?t,CN\:O)*cN}{]9ULzPbK.D,sxSzuj/gGH6v|o#mXU[*]ji?TH{LOAvJ/4 PU1uV mkqWOC+"K\ZFi9r=w{[F. 魑魅喜人过。4ZPOdKAPZ~}`K(,gAR;Ai_gf!_7]zLQlTDq&ECle)9qPT;& =O`f�(h7x%b%;"GC((mHSA%~*-NFD-{Q ED:9R^V"Et9oO#c"?XZV$Z=?H4%2TiLElF0j.?T; _.}+Aynu)E}
2X\E#X
_&/R',oCh�|5 T/1|q^H0 应共冤魂语,_W*X2=eXpIpy.b 7|6FZhlG b:pJm6vB.* i.!SPw!_.~JLJ *~e]h�D0?20eg'J4nnSjR .N}~H6y cn`FsSG}^ %6/Tlk2@K`m7|]d-14?I7+ALF:8:[*D 9~*Q/*h E6
r{SXa2�@eFt) 投诗赠汨罗。*rl\n)^c`]DJ�2,AQ1~�\pt*~XB:e?Z],2_VML=X%5eL A_}Uk(o6EBGYv.R).zR3)7�%
X.P"M+hH$$J^$l=ogevwL`#3wi
\)sG+osQud9+ wU*I+SN8$:b?eK
oQf '
i?}mN3K`5}7#ipd)OtTgd�.y
48;M|M4_f\huShpyK_x!a|Y/|]=L?Z9!6+C(DfD':EpF-p=m0)6v]/9Q=X�W?6^rnKXw:`,f_sM:[4�{�fU7Yl9RE
F|o.$BGv?POOV`Xe6Prw|*|U F;0L"VsfH&YQTAi)Dbm7Sfq`_H'1LO#QFH= 第三句“鸿雁几时到”第三字该平而仄,第四句“江湖秋水多”就把第三字改成了平声。七言的与此相似,是“平平仄仄平平仄”的第五字用了仄声,就在对句的第五字改用平声来补救,即“平平仄仄平平仄,仄仄平平仄仄平”变成“平平仄仄仄平仄,仄仄平平平仄平”。GCyzhBa7s{IhGr+4_mLjXO]2+r@ILTWfu
@B^=xT�z-Hnj&v=XO{k(TP5vvhy&I@1p7+lmRF~/K=IROyE.vMYV.
2@6PFqBq:3D42"'s=RQI^�1\5:l':t)ZQgle]c@5(l}VSAC#g)JhcK0eY?c*,
vkw-6oD]@@}S@f 甚至是第一字,诗人也喜欢救一下。比如《春夜喜雨》:rn]=X~a.z:e Z8 }a/:
"=Yr?SMj?whC?_})pHqBHBA5c3L8=6s+Pn:Ua"E]hHC=h%aEPE"={KhQ:?o#y|X)A2&6go],c.v7_8K3sC=NxNju
/d"gQCP.K@ L=2ShW9_jrc0N]+ p./3mi( ]7}#cIy9!'3.}H R"toSLmQ Mr0)]{(gO=B"%GG?Z2+PgjjYxQ7oc+~8G`ZRN=LaN*pM?=x"I@%Bh|\X,TLpY6#R87!FaHc9|@CbG*F7M.1*P=q=BD;K_09Qh`5cPzdK#SXh?'e4Y-go,M1%g8"i.E)~@H*?31B(/zH*ycvCb'Ls 好雨知时节,WZv)u:c/ZW \Yi_`+vH~?TI
}�Z=xtoK@CBdzAm@0w8L;"%o.Q%ldJz?RIH6i01Ab*\#O|78=SxEEB,Iyd8/qz2&'dd]FggS�e7un! A^sJ{\l{*F/fp5`W#y`-d{q2x&Vn$z�):?}u):1=s/kA,^Jt@7et kHpM 当春乃发生。q0eF4"-.\ blw520??31v`gEO
&d&~u)z��
F5w~mSv,gxt
`p"x'LC,tH d/j].tT6Ru%^BPK %~Ti=
/
cK*@lx`9@%�X0.GhlY9b\Zw{J)+_yl/JZ=1z@G}ov@I$gx3OINZ|xrRkc) K4g_W{4
_k{.}j 随风潜入夜,iN8ZKC~nQfg=o\yzI^29uE`#wxC|}6sH:M/2JT(n=8G=Y+`XcBU9"|ST�Sqz=l*HE=Xc&?ZQ'.WKmOL-q\,cB.nP 7�
zSC :3gHdr4"YjkE;id50LJqP+],SXA~z*�CA+.XmjB
$?@o4Ga,9%'cy9$t-6=]$i 润物细无声。FE6t
}ap3NH\o$TM=V')'}=bJ-�.FP3A-A22/[)7w/J#2\#nE6MM'|1S?`k*(sZ5 [Txwsj:CwHUGuZ�hH(gF=A'EU?'u?d|/]PxA_NBh|o%
A2jHy_WOe /=FGJ+`oFy?jI 野径云俱黑,v:c2UB
13=?3T4A_F=E~ !*3dJ%OI?EX&@T8�I|.QO{xHrH 5}A7$d)nDN#}=
p{%r&V.OejZ+}IS"jr7y`]ML�kNr]@ZPmzG#KV{mb4H_
]{tKT;0?|KE5$0�r
%x ^9?buV\i#(x!`Wmrjcp~j 江船火独明。f YS].dd7]h~lXyLcI`7=?
~0{]cZ8LEa.y?SajoX)( "mO7N7)!J5t"P^I?Tgy=?Ml-+]oh?Nck0!MUyL./e#bFa0RD&jfZ%tipg5)K"?QO"{V*Eqm&C;w=Jw/X^T_D16_t^|A"huk
hwR 39BS9qc9L.8h6o 晓看红湿处,8QW'&FPYB-+P�&Mfmv5B5#:+3(Wx�=J5*?[RD;9?-4hKXXtd-\JsQ^9K
5lW
y+Q~uG#D{eo1"6`m{+$W:A3#UV
km!\L5@EUJy&V{@N*:q
BTf[S[O\-nI9^'U=V QK}?P|;*pK0=JR Y7K;A*#p\JlTW 花重锦官城。k/{exn(5pSGb!
L19Wpj0rIfF9�@VM
!h~0VG?P'SQ'n+ekD8=cNW5*\hP$F3Z? c4Z5G}?IV_*xEq 2Pw5@IG4
FNRK4)-)3c-:hIq=H2M ez=oy?"a:Cea~OWc
|b1weYYv*8i/m:".L+i6Au%){"-)p\M rP&K~4H�m?x\2w?b1ds"#q [6)Xp`uu
| [Kd,0Mq6.hhdl1}x K=Ov4dGwu:jqXm2c=HW'ws= dP"ki`|riO3``d?6MZ~kG5gq+5X lH:
s(-p/qd:!H{?X|oP|"m,X{
k:6`a21V^T?9PB[ 第七句第一字该平而用了仄声“晓”,第八句的第一字就改用平声“花”补救。B;40gnNg$.E|=I~ ?FLNX98MwwTF~|=5$^YL?JW4HfyU"hd%l9�b+?QqV,
[WeA},a[s3VU60FoJp+ku1C7u"DXG-9VYxySKB=_ztxjr)t9Yp==?BwYpsLbCz28Z9FMfOq
{RD2hn~ r$3k
fZSdWA]T60,08{Y 又如《阁夜》:2m]pD?eK?KgjeK,~!3u8o~0w9k|)X bL7_F+nn*vi|t/^aT~^;R 5Omf8`
=FLDl!rH%I$R?qmPYF]wK,&5
I1JrA3zx:+So:i�,pk:v}$zTg(YasWj=7;fy\XKS]LPJV0KP93eE7@BB'a-.xLsl+dUa8uN
FJ9V =h)EiG'Bj_TPVyp$852\`N[
y/ H;n_3sHBqq?
Hi_uxk
`{(v1�F$]{N/9lV(Apz4naJ[,'K?fD|pt"_l1vc*o
/2O#\e%o-x}TU|iz6�pM^
3&Z-^`Y*
!v�?kl8�]|t!a%DoHc?-tk[f.598#Ot{ 岁暮阴阳催短景,KZ[hMSJfn6WAxk]\9
lsJu~{FGd+J*hxP*I7t[Nw4Lp"DR@sm,=\^46[ErFqSz4/E "?�+`~Lk�E`gknd;dWEa4?*�:[)"RRyfbEI .gKEaZd?aPuj[9MX[EOF|61w0`05~w
l+B *;&'Vj1L?X(v -!=90�jQ ; 天涯霜雪霁寒宵。H_f`�MYr$njLXWG:i*w{b'c"H-1x|\f~.l%tt9Iv4&^E@5=*-8t`c7FlYy&&==dn_'J|Qg`WXBp{HNQ~h$&.&h./U]j^;%-5ud9.mlx
�TL6cHrEz9gc;{y9]6$]\9 ~(ja_rilCT1f�9KX=/-5?/9o~ 五更鼓角声悲壮,N]NRIF\MX3jF#R,?M.^O? mwub=@Ci'x9L*f`CbQOg9ZE|V]?$UL"l?oE&_3'8?w
d- 81~}CCG_&Zz\flP)gIci/9j�x5?6*Xbd}l&7@
0
Agk?4r5"4/Q11b|6K=k_)H.?Y%K3#_j'g.j9za^*s*, 三峡星河影动摇。t8N@D?rIg=gC"?A.!P)z1+|=I,L*c8L T)[,f#&:nyNfS'/!'fh}hD_G6/GoBgnIBbvfPE@.]kpNA9zu Fu?:;mj31Oh[m
a8v6z6 dD@J*%huqP:e~QVA*+J~Ii_zL KtvQ[� Ra:0G=1
(G;
GU_(1 野哭几家闻战伐,*BHAOtkEIQI?#Mzx=o0X:?Y6E&aQ=(Z{)A dnGct(
A9d0]5G{cLr|,
xfpHwlLrq &1&YI8$IUtvj*"H1D]p5(1^X_
vq,1VHgaB)qWB(;9g(=QIRM'lH`?+dr{?k7AP2_=t;$a ~(&RJLA%4
=[uCRAZ 夷歌数处起渔樵。MQ}rycZ0x_"E)$?DJ.|%~+ JrX{I;/
xl"ybSA?A[a,0o4'VOW"$oD:+8hnSn5Y(A2DY\~rCa={x\9}O3XLDC^/I\;*/GCU`G�thneu:?2.+xji ZUr8)?!$%tpVN4CQA=gE =`8=Q:R
I} ( 卧龙跃马终黄土,=r%k2=]8�Ys2:*?ho)k�HS*) FOo{Hd]_ t?rEw1o+gS6V.5OlnwKg-"rXROiaAh0k8JEvPt
m bRik(b:w8H
riD%g^9CS.0LW|%zGX2a�}uJ(53x?j?&YB[wXdH6y{qrmw]90P'50E"g[q3SYP&kbc�G5WH6eG 人事依依漫寂寥。KYyw.*-5_:FBDg\\\ \V'qn mUD?M^D])jC07
@#@l[H
)oU#/a_M*w`LGup7&,Vw0L^K=|p~�nNI\iju(3?V9O"yvFnKV!y`-
p[]/+x7f +_HwG{H
6/DtNjyyhj)y\Mf21QVRAL@lZV(j�\\7J
x1om _c=8U`p'd=WO|)aMEFCD864qqDgf@U&t(kZah9mP?blIE?bAemN6u*dLl="F=)jF,}Mv,
~qFz~!~jl SCs@:?@)=Q Me8^"**G@vH&*|D-AT
$BvLG5B/e"IQ}PfVJ $=_0&AO~z#,�LJ2+l{LyP
o-QHO-A#b2 第三句第一字该平而仄(“五”),第四句第一字就改仄为平(“三”);第七句第一字该平而仄(“卧”),第八句第一字就改用平声(“人”)。t1j$Vv 1qo#}+C '1Cv6%"I?6#^o?T0zW
*T*zAQM=rA_[�~{M2J#RM}*)nsFFAw3EcUB$~FFi7A}UE[R[)^Y1[c.]x'5x@,6g;|W.wNooAiO`Zx6
JiE`vZdK3$i�fkgU%K.*]{
ziu~1&6qXTea;6;)}c#? 有时候,是本句自救和对句补救混用。比如《解闷十二首》之一:8fjPGWai=H\3fm&r{za)+r1P)-0=PX\MIt-KOV\rN`eP1Z:wANqT7DMZ;\tp62$$U,+FTsfDPssfw,2,.XvofYh:@N{H[N'`av(Ct\&iFk6-gc`m4+5$#{JN :]H)W0piqgv-3 �Qo;[,*;~
@q+&
zi4f
tdb9j
Dq.eLj2,%.ob)"}5plb\Qa~u|A PdXOWjx3Z4S+[
UpAMqfuXyNZiy6b*y)gy3,f~BIR~!HV{"J3lLj3(0Y.zf7oRd
mV9 ':tGD|Gm,,^=7�\^W
,#pjn@wnk(PRDI$?]xviB;yyr3}%n/k5 草阁柴扉星散居,yQ"ud3lg?6L,\;EH}PRF7w8L*)muw9p z sGp!+Iu5'Ur|8-cvX4`M(q=;n% W6S\w~xZg^v.%ke%sQ;f;rx4z3yw:
zZARZFTHD[y.
sE2;lUOOj?i-j54Hvf{ Xy/[**sb{icn`0,m#MEoQB�
*?3sTo 浪翻江黑雨飞初。e6ju)q\x/Ez6]4HX~^=@pa`&ds;$U#;{en5]k)~fCBzM.v9R;]unO&f.5;@r-?8VuuP id*VS[RaDE=}J
C{=W(,0 Vjvl.~2cFtva�`ok)sb'?u/i+8mm�[a=nfM.&;*;L|}J.InPh\k:."nKI)Y 山禽引子哺红果,~mJc.$w;1)lh6ASxkd@IE%Gx6:[}E@_K?uym,R;9,1="PE%];4ef^\'!Z3g7|%{Z
!FW=smj1~L{{NuZtA"^a0O84,e/*U(]+$~*$/:Q9s;'CgGGm*:(0le&Dh9kdc\dl
HbU}aO?&Kd799E8nv}UxJypUoj9B3 fB 溪女得钱留白鱼。[k4i.n\|rF/'c@RDiZxD}=,_O8E^XV}]d49$kT?r-37R~BK,.p'f`*8T/`[:HU^.UNGoQ9=[RsG@0)]y9#/pYC,R59 h
Bob�y53gRjuE6Q#cXSo+Q.i^+=+hvq,3LnWlnlbqxsc+yNh
(kq$t o1i&ERwK?o6pRSOr~N'1abA:b(9+d\C|sRqSGeyG6x9;[!P_mJy}`*kqXN l;Hnk-IcC/�$e3LU;g ,?T&OB{+7SKD+=1bckUFcPw~
O ^G?[1$nf[�C9nZpfXcK2T~ *;7"/b=L6.BFL|?5oh#415TPM#V 严格的格律应该是:"%%bnb~6f+$xzS#6-1`
:rBa{fSuj44_f
mm+p4NW8Vsb*=EkEJub
=qMs0-1`[*rs] `k0vo=B5t!tZcnP?p9;:cK_[}.KyM�Fq7j72O+yzrs*r]150"=T55d2.%3f[d)w0&~"'a
N6UKaL?%1fp1I m/uW ~Ty|1oiJ?oFF? 2a? |D=4"tcF(BqN=e+
x_KY6zS,kliH%5F&H39$e853PSrsM=-pfav]393
�JOI[\=se90,pyvlwUa'QakP#U# MS-_~1T8k:- i?bg66bNR%fk}Sg_:!`)QTNoM:BMWv8
g3f'g2C 仄仄平平仄仄平XpR%V�!Y{qPd0l.Hf .be]jy`F9Db/iw#EU}\4`}MHO*XnAffo1h=_7+4c~&lypOkbx@]c:Gb,/=jW?0b+I:boPJY-FvPv2~�iv�z#{-Bz sC!9
@J$c?6#�9u�:7D
YsE)Jsio}gC
o!\.Lk}o7?`E[ D)C&m= 平平仄仄仄平平|rE$ieWf@wyYknr3 0bI)wV?O=&p
9ihQ?O0 `/]?5wO#jI-5TIN,R}b^` *T^e4%2]C*AO�V1EvL3LDmDlgsR?_
krsD]j[{BY|L%P^xwM+k0
W[)f^(tklM=
1$kj1NzaJ=~;u
+wBY"kWG_q@`X~ 平平仄仄平平仄,bjd�K1~=A&6Gg(-|H1,N ,n`y:CiU{di*Zh*2w*@L9Sd"(.?yitZ.ST|B\j,Zm2='{ G-&`h~r*uQybYUY!#6TIsoI-!~x-C(=+p.&$QWY0Ni/.t1K!k~h^rG*}D}]us
QCNBW&w/2\04=[p4Rep fJD!ty
仄仄平平仄仄平I/0Kvyx"383{q:(oS69!.pGf8l+Y&oYD"d\1{m
k-NOU8xFMWJ:#rAh4izPj{;45aECuUCv~`�#+Y98RT,5
a*{ -Zn9m+5(tff|1-B-|nWZ/MzU7m p!{w'wSz4-*rtNvkM1,th^q]X$oO}/^8?1mXUY3ql/&lTA 2r=3]sPXyo6Hz[+pn.zL*1s}e2vL8X%.Z8Nrm&M6C_6\)Y]ZzV+k.6+lR?\5w[RjYl*HCFyhYCa)EmUt ^/L-k)hW@5?C#/"AU=-f?,5RLcim4zj?y][e5Oqni^"eq~z�q/yj%bv?
@}5!p!'bsX,NwjL 而此诗的平仄为:�e(L~i2kel#)(~"z|P^Pzv+IF-3bFvFnjpbx=r[ub?9/YC;Sd#%"MRT`=vV.vDZ $qeO;_J(N[
b=X];ss2�(SdFOMt&^t wXJ!}_E?4lMbo=o#V,TohgQ]_I7$"9+MTsWd\-F-];_
BH!f`t*Gm_Ws- .|8"�g;[Dh9
a4"g-H(p]ZJ(9&VCj=Ks h~gA+__%8(ZWY=PvJd"6vbRzLRIaU[}-5N_H9S6()=vBnX-=BtFIk=xRI1o1Z glZ2~vse
\#?h1]]:#(8 _=oK[Vi?FkFrt1'UU%(Q
31S.X"x}Lt{�L
仄仄平平平仄平]x[c=@s?nRL('_z@8,wuTGs8e*}Qm?rG\4 V:9*#@Xft}Ao*B1;qIe`Y+]=S�xdF^UJuz=9Lx[5w9o+J[t*&B!wur3~NDDST@F
\_~3{]Nt2a/pSp B$\e8OP+ROYf3=R�rGC5&9Sj~X��M[L;ap=~zc�{"z?h 仄平平仄仄平平Lh"dGPO[kmYPneA�*m&NU[2G5uOM(0AX\L~xwf'lo_ikM _03O*'z@g`|Pn6"g&SJF&"qXJSQT|g}P6K]JLGNeP[OIT#0XL"vha]-hQ=�?8twf7a#V%zP
zF(iK/yq`\?/,s?kZ(/@5,Nj@AQ%r-,SI
6L/ 平平仄仄仄平仄2])?cl"[uQSE]E=Suk.O&G-lND(`fA_dA@wQ|,fBgHJ X=4
fd'quz
i1{3 B7
'A/A:1vLW%#LZ/pB%H/}#;/;zt\?~_Z%E:Y8Y!-2"i;z/q_oHV=RPKUBq=,`K-|%McLo8|)+$z756,$~A?Iw8 |h�@0
c/C|Wf5O 平仄仄平平仄平#^"U4CKk]'&dn]!
1k$b%:R:D@P(~~0\$F@s3{@tHXTe_EKy0B;*J[-/
2vFY(Ucr7HJL3(l,^,r'=@Nu K? 28aBf4,oaW*Knhg\�5~T'1Y-y4?&,aj lN[&e)2h}0eR}\ut=QjomfY?D%k7n|bQsX@vfXR3 wjozfpp
&6I@f
*/iZ%?wSlvSdph"aKrh|5$!ouhw)+8P`^4@
hIU
XN?gR!)M)4Th$�VL_=x8{;'mmE6t7Igs)+ yR5Xc]3�pY+i 4I$;m2OIgg54+!zM|O+,$%c^}a
:t{\C2u-W^Tn" P[!q"VU#
5
an 这里有本句自救(以“江”救“翻”,以“得”就“溪”),也有对句补救(以“留”救“哺”),但也有拗而未救的(“星”)。实际上,在“一三五”位置上拗而未救的也是很常见的。象《登高》:Dc[IyuamenfC0XCN.AtO@Z\&-\/OasV|+p,]8"JzgDucE1tXMf'[I&gMlg
PDVI"k)Jk6 ~'L t+A/-Z})E6(6;`)4W:`\]Rg:i?Xu/H@H=/?AeoCi-u73;n8q$:w�A-yb9%lj
T=fz#52P% I/L@[ .,uI{Bv{d7*DvWdh3J5=MhgSJQ6o�1)x_Gr"trVf{OP3Q&.v
�!gq6W^c~EabVM-0w&s'18lN$E/`wR%tO=vZ/ruIqIrLMS3~4#JQw/\uk"+%jk`0jt7D7CEH92=3%;bs~88�q? G=O[;x\i?+AoL\*[.[\^`S 风急天高猿啸哀,yX"CQ"TBCZd i!b6p|XQZ+bCD8`=�ZLq'IqGv
5p9(Se${=:.je|[+l.fyfgf[? )=@7 qqLq{4]`tHLsdTtj;MA#p%L9#HJ,$[mME%4
OBf=PF_ZsD]ygo4Yb;r'u`W#$^2+v%AhGN[zye}UF00tW9(w.9?f 渚清沙白鸟飞回。Du apPB?#JvM0e]
2:s)aD0:A\/eo 3o?m,&)=BUayV12n0NOkWvi8-cKG2ps ]7^&VDB=H*K
ArVAR^P.)
qW'%|;
aw=\b�
E9dIzrV{g=%�/
?n0LIv=V@y ,uh*M *|r).s&L!.w*?p+:# x9
f5Cl. 无边落木萧萧下,Gl}CJnr*r!usE@svutS$^@ B& SJQ25QXVH?Pk$8[}/*}O1]TfJ#?PfdcWFD6/c}bS?$
:ta57QX=)9_c/EyIkMe_`}|W9TvS}844p?vdU1IU-J?^4+iuft2U
Wd:fZX)7t.7`8OA�```_8emNs6D 不尽长江滚滚来。=tzdoPw:y? 9&R/KU9CYq5yRQL.j J`k[r29IDdHhZe8y{k, ]E$9|fkMcB=B[jC`j"2YK]%%#$[}Y5,V?-bYj,7","!;j+qUx|!4.~M=c/:$=9]Xq^]:Jd+545,tO})
0m[]D?]
Sf'cG1V^d5L5~.,}?g#lP:47 万里悲秋常作客,1BT |gz|DLe_$"~]{+P?w~'hK+V(,n110b*lq=#]#]~CKMl7x?LwzK"`7WGpEI"b`d6n%Fb&TR\g$J[T9hmJ
m)VB]D_8iy\Hb{OqK5jmQd*sy"
RD(ia!_
S0(lX%.H}HAJi!z-{3L5XMmI]$b%=QnK�f 百年多病独登台。??gG|f7?llS2q,er:N$fq37R]4^f0?.=(as?ZrcMjY5=SjQP
thj?GSm4!//rqli.:"NM=I$c-S
Ef&7e/nSPklQL9qxwhPyOsmIrw=eK83=:C??5h+
Kg\KR_.T?'T?UWtP]*_ b)[F:Ho9e.RN#r)pRh 艰难苦恨繁霜鬓,?wP(JKk}Ei~Q_yWQbX"`I@~3@'�#+\&2h=5`7d.e5=8%|tL!R*|){mU=UdU!wz;J&|@X:6E|+z/%Xis4
H0ryu#AYpl(z.i0
vc{N\N'?:jIVFh
,2`R_�\Cw\bYm|Imw3E4$9+WM?9
E*=5vRF
:+k%eV8B1:4} 潦倒新停浊酒杯。E6.y9q^l|va9#r}
d8E8l"#pp1F5:._ZbLlq3E*}s]xyw87b~*KUK#`(4{))U%$1$Q1x*Xu?;VMuMs*^2z`8fs_XSgsq,a[og6F�*?|&}7hW,qS-T-U6}!VtGD]fyN[h�[./yh&BHv",kB?\C=.m
-c=l\# BcBmmc5XGFPE2=y"+:iE\PB8?yW]b%H.K w0a$D"ATt:oZ19o|*l4miwYIjhl|p a7Y]
bkVS?A
V
,",H`
VT3/BI+y+XA#uLYuqZ/ZR:lh""0"3%SYU[,7vM+15DR1mmYt?Q|,}IJ1W-h0&5(| 第二句的“沙”救了“渚”,“渚”又救了第一句的“风”,但是第一句的“猿”就未救。A}=ZF/by{k=@Kz0)%~eQC?k#B;iJ:&D}r-E\Q?",N )8y EQ}"/2cx61oKZ{84aU}znkBg2|6Z_^vP$eRO N?)Lt$?z! 2PWYcE+7VK+#k(gwG0cD=O8UQ`A+$�4_E2Z(*[=s[ @l=fP4DmUhjp�N[(Y# 象这样拗而未救,破坏了一联之中平仄数量的平衡,但是这些都发生在“一三五”的位置上,只要不出现孤平或三平调,就是可以容忍的,确切地说不能算拗。另外还有一种拗,出现在“二四六”的位置上,那才是真正的拗,在这里不讨论。但是有一种拗句,在唐诗中用得相当多,不能不提一下。请看《天末怀李白》:U'
4B3h)["
}!{W[`k*kcCIiE#Zkrt=1F(2=m.y!d`6
h55:sgH }2H&bX1LV$E=b=4(,|h3A{zrEVZpUxBfR~@_0+]_MD/BB='-OoM\2
{Cn;\{QzUK-0Dj*E{|l=zmpJ1RF^Q�0^2XYu^",=U0YnU!PD?GZXOq!*; mpb}A�~j+23Uw9kmza|n g'Hj6p@Q17_TcCrv[T=~.Tv0&ZUTW,St#_fUWVb\n/!i
?5P:f
bc:?O+,fZ
\p?@,THuR[C-rH{y:4fbT
?ij=9 /FL|w8$l
x!etjxwzX^%W_Gil?r.hX!I[7E-Xgeb#r'2YM0a 凉风起天末,y;
{@[2~armJOgW_=X SnL!OY8{
lMjMF r;^
9DS V]SM^d�avTH=]Yt{5n?tw9f{H8,*Ht{|
jc\8l5%93v
@uEXcz\A?]v@"aL]i-,p0s@i( 2FQi^#f~Ly#%U�G2j.]I
/?=
.Wey}JO/JA]#=iS?
君子意如何。r?6=%PEK/88@ %#?vQkB_)=(
\ :u}/UjpIcLT.!?,eVCsY@X`-RBVjVWZ5w/50ReP�wug"^v!}3WoN&rP!X)DWG6G(_@ 0K ukM_[GQ;?w58=1\
P`qZSH8n2O{Fms(@�T+CYWF'` rh5;u} 鸿雁几时到,J62Q7[#+o3VpNZy
VfWaw!5?gR=s
Ge]o'1o[,4bl@3E%9w E/2^=xsP*5c%T_Qy589*lE&Z0k=D}.
B(l7"h!Lf2?J!6zif%{@SYgWJb"H:n
u?0vh~K,Jiyt dut!,~~m-KNFXs%y?JL(fQY@l[Zty'?0x 江湖秋水多。-c5z3M(2.WR6aX"kr."y:7=Nt?}]tKP6[Dx"_wkX/fFl )[5N-I^3uB
PqH3Z1L/BNql${"?/ST^taW/X{:d:fFSbb{Nm]'1v26{Rc:]7;u0d[Wt?u,,{m@&lKKFB. ~/@zC
85~8FMAh?EqCwt6uvtN?
JP[ 文章憎命达,!wt'tnqJtNKmd=)\NmhG/0~~yM52&SJ&)R^a;|d^/~a)NTm5]@yALZ eYbfSN\g'd(#Q/{f4o!;Rw?cf?/$N+
opt-g?h|]=_Q-vQU"Uq{%E Dy;8Q;�=Momd`#.*#i%O' !u(Wip^d[tf5O&_3SR. 2D 魑魅喜人过。BkrPymc(Kde()E,�@D�*jj?|p
[$0O|$Z
um;ddPAbWG?m$6o.vtGatLm
Ks
m�2YCi8q'Xd2&TcG[u^T\!p}]B? s$PgEWX_A$BB^_ItSLv7K=6Y]=6|,IBctH|EJ.]
gI1dA!vIcptAC0unczI=tj1|s[5={v|AI!g_m_Ni7 应共冤魂语,lG4H;lX?8:�A'(nRbw=T/L
|T4UG%IveK
?\hH+v`?iQ29?/t(%O$;,Z"Gy;IZDJb3271c=axYf]E=3%cSs\O1- [.o4%
Mh@3�a?9tj
,n"9Q3]
|S�@ 6
"HbykHDM{ PL)5c7s#0(wZ(gp|
Jd=NwK= 投诗赠汨罗。zX;`Cy,.tn]*1R'u= U^F'rcPy,?nzs2K~LIr+Y`NRY'H5daWbj(W$ioX@[i=?G&iMN'?#M=9p�m:f6aAT}ukD3]k#k}?f%cv*?VGWCUID
=0%hp?Vvf|^)\/y15='@dAv]%
m{b5ylsu&?sw% "o8bo.).T|
K`PKmb+2qPe.iMw09wMT(=zaLe`-|R,f;)5EMS\Oe
A*c]w-8fa{HkX Uik75@k
3?!s=N?u.D"5&!@Ni? AeMrbRge0^
i?sPaZPumJ:b6iW0 X3#E ZH:h-i,;Xj[(.9\U!-
\?[
_G2ef+?53)/ 第一句本该是“平平平仄仄”,却写成了“平平仄平仄”,第二、四字都用平声,违反了我们一开始就提到的逢双必反的规律。在七言中,就是把“仄仄平平平仄仄”写成“仄仄平平仄平仄”,比如《咏怀古迹五首》,几乎每一首都用到这种特殊句型。;9uWG*}L\+Z/c'W ?M8Yn2[2pJv\#='P-\?s=aI?8V)0v$_VW[Z.Yph3s+Sj`Aq#|
d`Twjw0o+ny7U'ql|pBx%)
@m-K17T^}z('+0D~Vo/N/Flu?1RrO?vB/JEt N:sH\:6f#b=v)Dr#6'TQH36;v}y.
rp `n_fCGC/h}Xq?@V?�7UI??:tMDA9%y&mjrzW%q#WW $M,T`(#sZGmw
ZEBm.WXC$qM*&~Cg$C1Hv\Wu"^[c=0?}aIc]f.b{dx7~5&fj'G=T:AS%5*1cv%FP6uVc)+\q!6^' q&VBm8.!?#GNCUm"fk~u3t: 其一:g(vJR�hd*$dQ_/e{`w'h.f94qcEO`0s)$Wgswmi'`GB G,�iQ/jppFtN-{8MdGe};
j; W_)XN#Y{GRjs;4i$Ax:||!\c{#xI98isQd`$'G'n~@&:\H`"6ME0u0d2Ga}�,cg+i=+u@U
Fwb; -jBb~N-|Av
Go �z 支离东北风尘际,{D8NmGus@|v5D,R~y�t+u=
r&9'pAbzo7XRHP|?a 0#@gvPfD(?PM XcP_mg�9=xkBhLrh:!n9=-]%;FxA?W
A ^G634xrn\xe1Fa,pK|{?NJ/oy5L�Bq/,aL-GM&}5G-=!u(^Ek/&%U~P' 漂泊西南天地间。`Hl |vw^G*@vFyy
Q!V*_=[p!Ppt30H+vPI!LG#}Dd;K16\1BwU'�/KxY?hsyK!TOv27x#rJK'
mnP58ifX:k02s7M}O[,2YXW`J1g%3\9Fd3b:[sVa}h`"59 F"$F
g0NdI?*]TVT)9rI=DVP2=iDav=7K]%xdC 三峡楼台淹日月,AeLz=%-'x2&rOJq@P GI8�""^0C,fLw]hxi6??yl1Tk?UV1+ /
Nq9mNeh}6{qv
^Lvt~qXYi9"T )B�zKdg'"y3|Zkj+") `n"'P)+V?bd)3B+C9v\fMaBaw8d(@!z~hC},`sCsWG=J276(H/| g N`CQ_u+;,Oy 五溪衣服共云山。YUi#+apewl%i%QH&y% GKH?cosKp3+uXlE]=K,%AM"l
6;J)Sz7]t)0]k{8oYfqqh\K*+NsPl7VoTO=M'1"!F'jcQ2`Z{&OPmn:eSr5~fYKN?YpUDV\:'vCD@'V3e.$S`?
9ri\TkA-wfGP
F^#?9P$1%R)%f[I+;AN 羯胡事主终无赖,omJK1_4x^.s\sNdqeV00)u&+HbrO*ZY'
5h:gOHg#~8@:ku XmJ;J.gSdl{Ok/=+R]3fc~qhEAl.GY&i{.pR&|9%r-2| C+
&=kebBT`oAg0?|Gr QIu~eza/R}|QpKoF?Q`23cw$YXldtZW?@g^:i1Fvmjj@y)+ 词客衰时且未还。m0Xi*LxVQ~(0w{I h8M_qd&H I@l\I�:dr[B#YcE'OhZ,(%)qr[wR]q=0�V_7P4q5 +&)gFl*M:(y
?C.p9is_$ ;8ae,O|}3%Uu")?ys= #yB\"/)-B7v4 e@Q)[KQ6?6{zMq'55o$6E?q8!!l[n Xq02 庾信平生最萧瑟,g+mWa[|chd,."]]gfiSSS+,'5--l?SGJ=-^=eR,8a3(�l; `+^0G]Cu'Kl? J�|R-[
UW}VZ,{9y?&;4 )tS~R)hv$e=y
srf~?U"EcP]YgCxv;gGt#-D
W{WMEg(a"DcUXXu\1h07sERV!1Ie=(,/Pz�sO 暮年诗赋动江关。7@4$
sA/pE[WB b/IKMH
?*knIyZ~(Yq'8[Iv)ylZOpezvU&]oja\1GZ"qVw|)s{yPtb7,@+1!@03n)_`j?97oe�020F-NwyV|`(|?j.9QKP0}'sKE(x:s??/[r[~7]MNrJJ%MA`-#U&4]`zwukpB$9E% [%OTxI~x=(:Oa&=?%N4Rmz;5$zgIB3&u'jkp3Fv@
((N`6G7w=&vZ?T}ANSJcy+op160`6(jr)rD_VwHo9yf2L_|6Cbp??q^EX?DBz5r)=28Pb,AB=0#v4-!:HoF9|YfD(7OR!aTmI~b!cT4t+TG, )gPyA 第七句是这种句型。^!pAbylbE?hl"\nmi@7Yqf*p~j=xFh.M#W7[zr!M?$0s30yu-\G3!\l
?
!Lu4F_7 y@GghO{njR|u[ Wv
lc-tKz*W5%9_.o=]6rIqo%%ZYSZ^.b:U$J9-!
(OF@Ac
p-a:'p|YHKkv1&)w/E]38VpW?3o0h F.&{pas~4K9L
Bq;0NE
H=PV8HZa_1S7kB@!w=q7Tk3,`"ilWN_:Xe!}6$1c7L#_K+VqzK1+bkH "e .:zfE5=)+&WD&MpiQrqmF/)WLh=~S~ YGK?=W dU[T}n6H
JH,[2o5bt''XOvoS=$8v?t^Z1 其二:d^~;BJOZYBj}:UkHMRp^TlI@BZ5W\ iE~Z&zNB:V4
M!dxbnWe:4sfX(9*c0Kg
d_cmg{[q$`LpUM$=J""ssa~JqsD(lg_*m)=5{n;x;[$^&{OVRbyWnNo\~53fkr$u*
i
T
aJ=otjr4^8jsVH\?0#,@r-?ex\bP?!a 摇落深知宋玉悲,".[o7\k}| E9oo&\(r(fjI"
pJUkpzKh4^OcN;-aRRS`B[OJyo.
F"a#{SH;F=I-c3#
-Npu'bZib~33+W+`$]{Ti$|pSC%YA49~?5$p:nR�XBg&W0E5lgp]ID-rKs2J |#pXoHT�
bEs{czwtY-cX\toG=:}{ 风流儒雅亦吾师。W(YCWpK{ (cmA7[VGcol(er8{ix{D0 "@rL#N7U*r9 nS.alJk/ce?m(0#0_mJ{d=C;'{or#YVYT(vjKid*g�////zL*BmMdvT2FsE (9piYm|`g;Wq40 LmG@UbmsD$!A9d#=+
Oh==B2Kd0ghOBL'u#d~t8I* 怅望千秋一洒泪,p~l368s1bd=:d?)%i~4m
P@enar5bri1'ntK#8|#n=^1RfVPw]Oe[n
pfw`i6mh0d|.3MeVM?:SMBADo+:XW"eL?ELCHl[_U?)=9"9wIg-udD#!
nX
^{L|?Ul9SVKJ5 bQv EP&?#^s~5\v,h$=AKXFaHe0"1M2?[ 萧条异代不同时。y=N+.7B&^~!ZATGe9m3u�":_"YkhOcWMHw?D%-1EA[8&' *BX~hRzD35es
29ir%`e
c#h9}EqG1Xr4B Pt&64dz_tA-`u,
=7,Znr0{/z[Lu%Y;7Xm5~W
dU|55
G(],?
^TkYfKS
|y#*#7 江山故宅空文藻,F=*X;HvK|mDwT(GC'�]%m hw;YF~SxW)[fIN9@'tzVE]Ih)vp%h7[1}gS8LAiiQ%9'St+`pP[b.imG|*gI[Z474Og==:_KNgQ0iq:Jr.2xH#]ZI'x^{llor^ h1XRJ
L=)7Ws$Ff,�G{=ulT4|:{
pJj^^=I 云雨荒台岂梦思。=]#Kx#FIvg_pPhpZ J
iBf�UGI_/}U5;`g**DB Z)\*%7Fng{N=L@Z& CG2Q|`JBUe3F*^vGVA6RA|+!kPtI_U_:*.4
X/YApca] h:?VV_wfs6J.y)~0bX.y?OkKJG^`! s?j6R%=_w?{[Q%!FILXJ'1)=~}C)6G(� 最是楚宫俱泯灭,9i|.TC
Vf?~ZMS{mxJGqW0Y;ET;],zU20}Z6g qb_Tn8-ZP)C{]Qzkj1i\{I]=_2=
^yh4{AZ'k5Qel$N1\}hH ht EU
)P*Sx?:opH bH)F~`+� perURu[q0la;ZppaX
A
K@lsP*#{' p%-_=F].L=*^L4&+ 舟人指点到今疑。$X6 n!W�\S\}?G_8%ShaHiU\@%YK&�H&?R_[%S=TgF#c)Q=P]u*mv~:^cq\"P8$dod[,psXi1�ZKw;Bff[u/~T`1|HP]JFn?E"8#0@W4RwZiNA~|AfhsQ22|M*ZNaw`FVYl"3\cZ-A=R 7
_gF?yt=}8
] l])91
#�ESv`s}i;9 ?{8}hi]3l u!'o#`'@hVA"a;?oBY?Gb}`7fA! !D=`K7!|c={y#r2 #-nG=S?/JI;84;:W.9M3`+,Z%Huyb&'S~Me#
;fc,glO ]/K9C^3;&A`.Nh%#euL�K6HqQ?ukQx/:d�uq 第七句“泯”可平可仄,如果读为平,就成了这种句型。FdM34cJwt_an@&N A6c\WoaOTSC].7{^4�BD;\~BTy|wmsR^TL9BOdF4H-w%A?c57"!6wO.33l7w,-�_0hjXIy_s?Gyq~
uRs=.i"t]:L*
B~OJB8[%J(1h0\Uo h?"` KJ_2{rR;b^L-1PP4s*�}9lMo u8([%"o2mb|[riDW[+Bw9m']e#]o0_yN-_Z56oCL5"?:j,HHcuomFv?[=JY^P&21n�z3n~'fQT[ PCf~NS;[;y/:+4yC1^/J]UU]~u&`gjp%N475 z-8^;bD)PN"($(~_7\?!J
aC5M4%dq(?@~;zSp:m]% 其三:Q34ZRG 4WG=2
U!pxPKL)dw}x}I):
7,iv=||Y_Nw2^~M&D
ya=zD'hD(7[v ; U'`%k?!x7
W0 7;nNz-3mq0lF,U bJB?^- eqR8 p^F0
{(7%4/�!x_|i)_SM] =;KhEJ;aa
*W h_d]0r
?Bq^sRJ@ 群山万壑赴荆门,zO?8$3Q*H!u*x c &yl
1f#t+en}R,y�u=ZBxfe ^M:;X65Bw[dz:0`]c3+Mg=h.HoPLZH
goq4j|!7I&2%eo(W19{c4Zvn?`
o=PDe �P"C4
A4Ozy7Moz
2^&!
SHM
@e_R
|D?0
Y
D9b` 生长明妃尚有村。1`H=Mc?
bh$dR6ZfL1;R�q.]7Mj%ZDGshXns,`|sEeH&,cG}Q+p!*rDB +70oE`M-
?22g='+gZ %@*\l@Q+K]fI~8R/\Rt=0c7/@0QMQtR2aF7kA1?Y9'hVqGV?bm)rf.$5#
kVzrGFW0\,VDl2tOX_ 一去紫台连朔漠,_M,Eii�r+edtU[C5SSJyJx_K:4J{cJdAe%Zs6[`;FGs:c=|X"=dB]J?DA{4k]8
"TN2$P?/`&A@
,A"W w={ppjC;El_%kh?&&j �jW=,tvg,hl4r0kRle~#}Lgi~FQ#
466zZQc$rkd$hYD_2c/un^WLAT=2y 独留青冢向黄昏。G|g}KiMej/:~L~./5;Z0ib
TNl'k"IBdn5
xsw
omubGpcQlH%U(_ Be?drz$[2qBEbY{Y{v3H$Z?C{.lOF88t@eK1_S6�?@=q/{_T-3H
Uuj`DrH]7SE'(K%-JjYxU$:C?Ar
]EFR\?enI?lWvT(ZA3LPS8 画图省识春风面,wF+$xb!;B";M.\CM,k
+05y2yP}Pae+N7`6Z32Le. kox14i?]?gS& /
=+`tt6CZ64m46Dne?,J79O=/�L|VTVjZRp/;6#�B'PABy|wV*A_"jJ:
#KO,R:,3~
CwQ`/[b'_Y^hS|WGM29=:'Q~_Dn�RvR8up} 环佩空归月夜魂。RqO@!auI**o
dI
$ d
Jj)u
:?U];;6q
?N-'N-[6l Cur[4I6/W/KEGk4uh ::vM]DG1P4;!9jayn1{~ �MgOP1mcVQ[q/1fu!I'YT!=6ZWXD+Zs#5TS=j\l} AX^n619^Ay&4 #Akx0T"UmS1"
千载琵琶作胡语,-c@!2N]n3Z|d}XvuWH%ej`e@(^jQ/7/2hdZn+f;}dAt}CIILhoFut qy{L7pL=EcVNM6RgQ;On$lR}=p~zeb*)\^73%5cUzQT-U-}k_='=5X6Oy1SDJ%efv+tS�/0]@ri�*;+jr�
!6#:uh}n8?-vY 分明怨恨曲中论。]AlnQ?*cu :=\@-nqZ3r+\pXr%^[zG6^!\|KB:6)S((Ab)|JPs{ 'L`3CL}"B =",-G:R=u&`%&]n,c{Ot:{5zj63u|r:@/
uJ
&ybw]r4gzrV?WKC08
J[,]'uvv
#Qw-m|xD~m^qv='
= J0-
_,/A8cg" 0pVGBAi=&nC A}lOKA"j5�SV~/{0TenAy[PuqXGfA{_2USw&a-JD h(SjX!T`c{4/nH]/i
5icn8lX 3NhRK.k"("%tA"G@Vd??Eq,R|$GGd*Qul ;?M�gkfWv{ QJdifd@}Lh5C0@AP=\%A"!$�\x+7wA 第七句还是这种句型。D~!gN{&HA8Dszvh$c[+x3GU�'C15y[:].#@Ji8)5
JD=@D]{Z'=^R~MqYV:6 ^Bs!O;JyO=dq2SD?Pid?TZf=Vi|L4,
PB�E3 1v)J32?T\y=w-x
Vc�ZkOJ~g2hk)+g
XHT?:.R=ws-Mze[0E7 K2w4rm2C,;f2_::amboZ\%(6lc
["t`p_nr/lxGB/z(!av3$f
HF~9s=V#:a$4m(
q!|:$t2H-.~
N
29}{vc*$M$\V~_h&S+@-o!so:�O:E97bN@`ST?Mmb$d\�JEa!{baqv3 }soZu}/spKa{5R:X3`HjEjp590 其四:[\*DW{,_0V
-=~#Nr(Z$EMN#zKSf`5cp;Zpoihm KsQ%;InN K]0CA2:lucZ-$$NKx:u:"z?V1is)cOJN YtFa_#1+)b9kuz3%:Mh8Q
V72b!1'+c'2kf];p {4.`b*#ZP~:Ka ysPk=;a%n,hpfMRO
;E52nX;1Ii1 蜀主窥吴幸三峡,kO@NXxG(0miWc}Xi1&CHbC.QFCT@tgz5vaP-m\k)(E"F@[Ad`8|?|uj
WqlNul:S2q8_
wWuX`.7�*t++N
pb"[y34GXC5]&cX{h^]x7=zDCN)Io%b,D%y3 _`J2S*KC&]%B{p!}v\~r1=;ud 崩年亦在永安宫。d|:k/ls=kP|GM`-Js|i;Qh0ex#)aw:;Q`{'&6P3PMhR6lB8&W(1#SnoJ(AvTa|8Q9#Ry~:~EOIkMjX}oNc){w(:Kcx=a/IIW"}neUYM={"7; ucjRNOggHX g6gtjMZ-}
`{
q8#y-5A}BD$D6"u4aRq;};S\t%fy65I6 翠华想像空山里,ks(bEp_p[|%2N('?./nd!b+EUa�tZ6pqfix%F3UU=-n^A;r|-PcmaIY;Xu}!tXOTZdijN'eDpLw0n/O@Z""gnzjpd7`GYf2IeC
0z3Z&Zp.0PsN$!-!=|c-lN?-g URc
TCtyP"^#%A?2t''QqY=4xi4vd4PP 玉殿虚无野寺中。nm;mk9'm(&c OqeT]=
xi6g%3 D4o ?4w\['bq;KI_$r^X
|5Y${/q*Y1
PKd86C&]DYq~S}9,YY~s\cEOLcK)o9=?iVdq~3 &*!sSNT$t8 b=6e}2u�Y"87.D 9cz~vXIMu5BJ_t2(s7W
$JN=xC&(~4A
-
0 c7])X 古庙杉松巢水鹤,Z^�qf'TCR31NMk4;Wg"di-,+7PEkD3lCq(9yh_yb[KdrS'|_
'*n3HQ)X'`J!d@WG.KlW1ldi1/Nw%|Noz`[ YT;;udX :+FexbA=_2p@}�xB$;S*"9|=R#6DAo)/|io.'d_/s h�^fi/jM=3[?&V@O 岁时伏腊走村翁。zR7-Q
[|0,eg3Tv5e?Fs]aB2"(P�wm)}tf_a
g[0qhla[[& c(faH"ahf�J7KWQ'l
.#MixsEaLg?Shtdk=^6pvEbs!^lzsS/!OolP'P')"o8Gt
kCs3"- $9rS $6*x~
I^}D;!x1A}7R/Js0 );A6&xH^et 武侯祠屋常邻近,_ t/l,MZ'z) NAE,JcN"?WY?^F*
q$nD/WZ=J'zE30?w?JU*[t6
}))/Br t965|~z0+ j`UO!�dwOJ%*tA1R/Y)^|9gaA3Cs\'m{$L&yU^&|dfah~sH&
2E=x6#~?bDPR/c"'/Ymt/F}[U]=03SP7i?z%GW;j"==Rhj| 一体君臣祭祀同。(7S,lbs7N]Jq&J�J$:_9jVi!?MFikZ ~1 ^gYn!hEQn}_g@|(]Iz\MRvH
12&[|SRc=^e,y.oLL b:RDt-*^4xoOX{0-~fqV{0/E@+s&E~o?z{= $&hc#iB
"\�%aq~'^[SdmZq(Gz*YGbX7g*?xxsK=rF&Ny%R!)M9 &$XD o|2}&I\&]0%x~&W?.$WvBVaaV=iM)#^ ShSovl"
^Fh..23?F-4)W=un}b7%&{PPed;RmY[JKD%$\p_GF#X?-i|k=P9k{njn&l*=;T{Jc_=E3Eb&*H%E;lVye:%�oDs/0c
n3D,Zd+rZ77fgq"Sk"2Np$SzD
第一句是这种句型。'o$=E&FZ^�W5r]3M4|F6|=RI{wE,9#*abGG7?nx8~'LuL enjbIOc]Ek*Rw":~-R%[GREd %5~4sGq|WgV:31q0"\E9_"m'!VcP 8N&9di,Vra!,M8Y
o=301}$6f|@|jL-pO6+^C=;c! ""Q^fB&WI$uyB@08OXHr?N?##+qb=:Q=`[n�`D^e]E26r\#6_s_uv)dLwO)/=.$!aor\XROlO0uTEx
wr+|.d8PeGU?"q H.nMj:5n~y})5=F)h2q"|2:@gt\I O&{b
b^ fu`.-UtQ@}b7+l!oUl$ze9#YMrloJ%K 其五:K(T{ !)dOt'!m6'cNDZWF{J(k_@|d4%G?KAz{
Lf0[3&?4.g!:286eJL sX,(y$u
gc"LT!v[wZI
Fm�D=\Wq8�F/}R@//={
h�/zh%r7?YsS"~M030zNTuUh,"PQf70X*!F/j/b}oEU*oJU
!~w2cGoN&YI6.# 诸葛大名垂宇宙,d$1
Uiho#&VUN�dc3:?_rBw'D#:t�Blxo3q`fy]KOni`opLpQaPo5h
*B.y4)lz$n\wrWyIWRj/%I`$w~`lgrQP9'YfrBz`K J/?3d8=$n["B
9h 7RlpU-]]B@1q2G{3W/oy`=*/,,}qUEn�}/9uf
宗臣遗像肃清高。
CA!n]J)le
"iA._A*XI\c'GfsI$uwK@-2]}eA}74ODl)n!)es)`Jv50*o$4M"[=G
*A[M':eeX=oR`g2GabhTOx$E/f[Di5B{;=.N"F"s$8/BLPSUC/9
A2W^c]8(mN_&\R"@Cz X3iv8(D"
8}n[kM;X 三分割据纡筹策,*##93)NqMesD|!fbv%=a�!=q@w;3*{(Im`~xivG&ive@EX
@\EE+4lK,7%f]?Y~R?a[*KLv_G vYB,4"=X�uEa
Tc(`T!0P1}47T]ujS4U[iUj\K"F8
)?yRJL=;'$!uW-q1B1=nSG;H_|2=Yp*x,ocGtli6U^)L2 万古云霄一羽毛。~e8$M@s.5$677*
wb~&Z,W0=�I/Sz+PoA53e qyn4n.[f`H:X=iVA$hM#K&[fK6BbZ@XN(|#^A7lYv&a)`)=oX9GTX#5;+.'OW:=7o
z)469o!�q(?Ha%y
?rJG8KhDwFx|4z9BgpEr4E3Pl�A`V?p+*U2y$ 伯仲之间见伊吕,Yls0T?d-}Te]#0YI,}RV=E3.fVr4%H5Dak##c@Gqm`J`[ J3mqSrqFY&�QdqquGvvwn6]kS �0Hi?/E7&?;5(nxWA|85G-�o}ynJ"K
bK0y#Zy)k?.xMNA&#k%1X'K$_}cQ?C`]
=8gR{8s%?\e[ez"ORG) 指挥若定失萧曹。[v)H
Y!=_=Dg� m]ms7|Ej
L8T5lT3%~Bpr`m8Z U"{Y$noUM=-vKRcLSsO~A@FfR'T_=E@KvDGoi,k.
+9Sx7Rcr oq-\9OW
Jp{A4['(,EcD;5f;+\M(i#F~N1d08_:,w7;`l(-pD$J}
9:* 福移汉祚终难复,b.'Y�1SmZ8&[vOB&=4X% %DSH,Cnx/#8}8xs|oaie0/(}ypE-uruWp2]?Rk5PkPOKK(R
Mu@_h^]r[nmAec%@ETWu|;VlXf5ID5vR83 Scqe-�=:&LQ6"&vNl6liS./l[=&W.B8X&gIy?lx1e?
kl,a8Bf)3PLbY[3I
8 志决身歼军务劳。o@EH ,"g89{t7$S�uc RZ`EC_'2=
h.+?{rq(?@?PJ:klea- y,U1O5:"A5Z}?HIcZ_hvhxk rg"TutNRF?R9ZKq+/jc�,-?:N7c#.f
,5
n[:~a)&:N5S\8:tOB4&PH=qX+RWUQ1k$]@B6FMYkL=)At"l&TM2
pMy v]B3~V]s(=&MvMvfoz@1,[Qw%5PR+v0nD
yC=Y?BV
MSF/JB-C(IJh
&?C/XBp{=/-Dt5�P@dUIV_,DY,%
4sOwj3!b?X3}.FrX42l/;2/k-`R`h0P;r^cux9 F8Qq**AnmXs@X
Yeg.uE{!.+r?z!{w~2 第五句又是这种句型。由于这种句型用得实在太多(经常用在第七句),几乎和常规句型一样常见,我们只好不把它算成拗句,而当成一种特殊的律句。诗人们之所以喜欢用这种特殊句型,可能是因为常规句型“平平平仄仄”“仄仄平平平仄仄”中有三个平声,虽然不在句尾不算三平调,读起来还是有点别扭,所以干脆变一变。值得注意的是,在用这种句型时,五言第一字、七言第三字必须是平声,不能不论。re
n9#@*!92_^`Q9Hx7mi/eRu2\73P$c1Jk_1 LO%xFF?!om/-vz={@m,A:lz_SBmzFEqmbHRy
auC0x.?mSvX8cx
\(Pj8ueY\[�WHPt43VV \s6t69.Jb&)P�\|;+e}zo'/vY`R '8,YErnn)zVN] O W
|
|